Vapor barriers are essential for preventing moisture from seeping in and damaging insulation, walls, and other surfaces in high-humidity rooms, such as shower rooms. The necessity of a vapor barrier depends on factors such as local climate, building design, and specific wall assembly.
In exterior walls, moisture barriers help keep outdoor moisture out and prevent indoor moisture from condensing within the wall. Building codes, based on climate zones, require a vapor barrier on a structure’s interior or exterior. In Marine 4 through 8 climate zones, building codes demand Class I or II vapor retarders on the wall’s interior frame. Climate zones 1 through 3 do not require vapor retarders.
In certain climates, vapor retarders can be a vital part of wall construction, but incorrect use can lead to additional moisture problems. Consult an expert before adding a vapor retarder to your walls.
In exterior walls, moisture barriers keep outdoor moisture out and prevent indoor moisture from condensing within the wall. It is recommended to only place a vapor barrier on the exterior side of the exterior wall, allowing the assembly to dry back to the inside if water does. A vapor barrier prevents moisture from getting into the insulation, making it less effective. If the insulation is organic, it may mold and rot in the wall.
In conclusion, if your wall doesn’t have a vapor retarder, there is no need to worry about vapor diffusion. Vapor barriers are a protective layer that helps keep your space dry by locking moisture out when installed in damp places like attics, crawlspaces, and basements.
📹 Vapor Barriers: Need one or not?
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📹 How Vapor Barriers Work
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At time 5:37, you discussed and encouraged use of “vapor-retardant paint or a smart retarder” as best solution to retard vapor exiting to outside. I have two questions: Some brands of fiberglass insulation bats add craft paper to one side, aiding installation; is that paper acting as a vapor barrier? In another article, you interviewed two experienced architects with an unhappy client with in-wall water and mold; and the cause was discovered to be the client’s vinyl wallpaper, which in effect, acted as an interior vapor barrier, and that vinyl did not allow the wall to breath during warm weather. Please say more to distinguish the uses and differences between air barriers and vapor barriers. ~Steven, Utah
No reference to “the perfect wall”, for shame. buildingscience.com/documents/insights/bsi-001-the-perfect-wall Good article but it of glosses over the air barrier. PE vb often serves as both AB and VB. Hard topic to cover well. The AB is 100 times more important than the VB. It is dangerous to tell people they (probably) don’t need a vapour barrier and then gloss over the air barrier. Thanks for the article(s) – great to see passion and building science.
Still reading these comments? Suppose you live in zone 4 or above and you suffer from extremely low humidity inside the winter like in my case because i gave a woodstove and no humidifier? In that theres often higher humidity outside than inside in winter. Should you have a vapor barrier. Im guessing not.
Remodeling a home in northern Maine (climate 7) and I just pulled out the most mold anyone had ever seen from a room that was entirely wrapped in poly. I had to gut the room down to studs and even replace most of the floor joists. Granted the prior owners had plumbing leaks and also wood paneling on the dry wall. TERRIBLE COMBO! I am only putting plastic on the ceiling after talking to the local contractors. And I am even on the fence about that. I want this room to BREATH!
So in a kitchen wall with metal studs and insulation, to the innermost of the unit, beside the neighbour, there doesn’t seem to be a vapour barrier. This wall does lead to the balcony, eventually. I’m installing cabinets and also some wood stud supports. So it’s not the wood which would now dictate a vapour barrier, I’m guessing. But I now understand why refinishing and repainting was recommended afterwards. I was wondering whether the wood dictated (because it was somehow special vis-a-vis moisture) the vapour barrier now that I’m adding some 2x4s, vertical and horizontal, in key points. Versus the configuration of the wall as a whole which decided it was not necessary. The reason I wondered about the wood as the instigator was because in the parallel other neighbour wall, near the outside of the building, there are metal and wood studs and there is a vapour barrier. The wall also leaked into small permanent closet walls, now gone, and was very drafty, which I noticed when the wall was open. The kitchen drywall is double, 1.5″, compared to the other bedroom wall which had adjoining closets. (Who on earth builds inbuilt closets that are tiny? Haven’t they heard of a standalone Ikea unit? That removal was a pain, which allowed me to lay my bed in a different orientation and gain 16sqft.)
So I have a question I am having a devil of a time finding a good answer to. I have a manufactured home on piers, with slump block “skirting” – essentially a vented crawlspace. I had a pipe break and flood this winter that soaked the fiberglass insulation under the floor. Mobile homes are built with a layer of insulation, and then a polyethene “belly wrap” across the entire bottom of the house sealing in the insulation. The flooding caused the insulation to be soaked and the water pooled in this belly wrap. The dry-out company pulled all the insulation and sheeting. I’m trying to figure out if, when I re-insulate the floor, do I replace this polyethylene “bottom board” or do I leave it without a vapor barrier – just insulation? I’m in Arizona – at 8400 feet in elevation, i.e. a cold and dry climate. The night of the freeze it was -12F. The crawlspace is vented. Any help much appreciated!
had to take up all my NuCore Performance Rigid Core LVP – Cork backed. and removing old hardwood underneath. Some of the 20 yr old hard wood was warped in most areas and subfloor underneath being unleveled some areas. Making vinyl on top shift and make cracking noise seemed to be coming from between locking mechanisms. Floor Associate at the store where got LVP recommended put down sound dataning sentinl moisture barrier with this corked back LVP. My floor was Making a rice crispy sound some people say is do to the clicking locking system. To me flet like the vinyl floor was sitting to high on the cushion vaper barrier combined with vinyl floor already having cork back felt like it was apart of the problem. Also floor felt squishy with the exstra padding uncomfortable Synthetic feeling to me like it never formed or madded to the ground because of the exstra cushioning. Don’t know the difference with out the Cushion vapor barrier but my question is if I put down just a plastic non cushion vapor barrier because its going on a concrete subfloor would you recommend one and also a role on paint on vaper barrier to for exstra blockage you’d recommend? My concrete subfloor was reading 16/ 20% moisture levels directly after remove of old vaper barrier sure something to do with all moisture being traped in there for while. My installer said when i told him wanted to go with regular plastic non cushion vaper barrier said it will definitely make a worst annoying sound then the cushion vaper barrier.
I am currently installing foam board on my attic floor to reduce heatloss that causes ice dams on the north facing side of my roof. I am sealing the edges of the floor rafters with great stuff. This is doubling as a vapor barrier, correct? Before installing the foam board, I sealed the sheet rock seams and penetrations the insulation contractor missed years ago when I built the house to reduce the amount of air leaks. Do you see any potential problems? I also was wondering if I should use faced or unfaced batts on top of the foam board. I am going with batts (fiberglass and mineral wool) after extracting my fiberglass blow as it’s windy in central Washington and blow always seems to move around (especially after 15 years) and get matted down when doing my attic annual inspection. Thanks