The hippocampus is a crucial brain structure responsible for learning, memory formation, and visual-spatial memory. It is a paired structure present in each temporal lobe of the brain and is part of the limbic system. It plays a significant role in consolidating information from short-term memory to long-term memory, consolidating verbal and symbolic thinking into information that can be accessed when needed for decision-making.
The hippocampus is a convex elevation of gray matter tissue within the parahippocampal gyrus inside the inferior temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. It helps organize and store new memories and connects them to emotions. The hippocampus is a site for decision-making and committing information to memory for future safety uses. It has a mechanism to convert short-term memory into long-term memory, consolidating verbal and symbolic thinking into information that can be accessed when needed for decision-making.
The hippocampus is a small but complex brain structure that plays an important role in the process of learning and the formation of new memories. It is known to play a central role in cognitive function, such as learning and memory, as well as mood regulation and affective processes.
The hippocampus acts as an evaluation center associated with behavioral inhibition, obsessional thinking, scanning, and spatial map formation. It is under the cerebral cortex and is important in spatial memory and navigation. It helps turn short-term memory into long-term memory.
In summary, the hippocampus is a vital component of the brain’s memory, learning, and emotion processes. It plays a crucial role in storing and retrieving memories, particularly episodic ones in humans.
📹 Hippocampus and Memories
In this video, Dr Kushner explores the hippocampus, our brain’s built-in time machine. Found deep within the temporal lobe, the …
Is consciousness in the hippocampus?
The hippocampus plays a crucial role in recording attended experience, forming memories of events in their spatiotemporal context, and linking event codes into episodic memories. It also plays a critical role in episodic memory recall, which is closely related to mental imagery or internal simulation of goals or outcomes. The neural mechanism underlying episodic memory functions should be closely related to the neural mechanism underpinning consciousness.
The formation of event memories involves the integration of object information and spatiotemporal information into a unique representation through processes of pattern separation and completion in the hippocampus, especially the dentate gyrus and hippocampal region CA3. Neocortical processes representing features of objects and their external context converge onto a single pattern of neuronal activity rapidly emerging in region CA3.
Patterns of activity forming in the autoassociation network of CA3 at each cycle of the local θ rhythm encode attended experience and have the informational content of objects or events embedded in an allocentric context, the informational content of unitary conscious experience.
The hippocampus forms a representation of the animal’s environmental context, playing a key role in navigation across spatial contingencies of the environment. In many species, places occupied by the animal are characterized by visual landmarks, and what we experience consciously may be an epiphenomenon of a process that maps view-dependent allocentric information about landmarks onto view-independent place representations.
Landmarks situated in a spatial context could have evolved into situated objects linked to emotional behavior modes, while the spatial context evolved into a more general framework of space and time, consistent with the proposed derivation of phenomenal time form phenomenal space.
Contemporary theories of consciousness tend to assume that consciousness makes a difference and plays an important, more or less continuous role in directing our waking behavior. However, psychophysical evidence suggests that consciousness arises too late to perform the kinds of functions that these theories envisage, suggesting that consciousness serves its biological purpose on a longer, more reflective time scale. From our first-person perspective, we have no access to the physical trajectory of behavior or mechanisms executing behavior, as they are part of a realm beyond our conscious experience.
What does each hippocampus do?
The hippocampus, a part of the brain’s limbic system, is responsible for memory, learning, and emotion. It holds short-term memories and transfers them to long-term storage, and plays a role in emotional processing, including anxiety and avoidance behaviors. The name “hippocampus” comes from the Greek word for “seahorse”, and every brain has two hippocampi. The hippocampus is widely studied due to its involvement in neurological conditions and diseases. Researchers initially thought the hippocampus was related to olfaction, but it uses input from the five senses to process memories.
Is the hippocampus visible from the outside of the brain?
The hippocampus is a gray matter tissue ridge that rises from the floor of each lateral ventricle in the inferior or temporal horn region. It can only be seen in dissections as it is concealed by the parahippocampal gyrus. The cortex thins from six layers to the three or four layers that make up the hippocampus. The term hippocampal formation refers to the hippocampus proper and its related parts, but there is no consensus on what parts are included. Some references include the dentate gyrus and the subiculum, while others also include the presubiculum, parasubiculum, and entorhinal cortex.
The hippocampus, including the dentate gyrus, has a shape of a curved tube, compared to a seahorse or a horn of a ram. Its abbreviation CA is used to name the hippocampal subfields CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4. It can be distinguished as an area where the cortex narrows into a single layer of densely packed pyramidal neurons, which curl into a tight U shape. One edge of the “U” – CA4 – is embedded into the backward-facing, flexed dentate gyrus.
In primates, the hippocampus has an anterior and posterior part, while in other animals, it has a ventral and dorsal part. In primates, the part at the bottom is much broader than the top, resulting in different shapes in cross-section.
In a cross-section of the hippocampus, including the dentate gyrus, several layers are shown, including the molecular layer, inner molecular layer, granular layer, and hilus. CA3 in the hippocampus proper has cell layers known as strata, while CA2 and CA1 have these layers except the lucidum stratum.
What does the posterior hippocampus do?
The Moser theory suggests that the dorsal or septal pole of the hippocampus, which corresponds to the human posterior hippocampus, is involved in memory function, while the ventral or temporal pole, which corresponds to the anterior hippocampus in humans, modulates emotional and affective processes. VH manipulations tend to decrease fear and anxiety and increase motivation for food. However, there are discrepancies in this distinction, possibly due to the lack of a single definition of the DH vs VH based on independent and objective criteria.
The basic cytoarchitectonic scheme of the hippocampus was established by Ramón Y Cajal and Lorente de Nó, who illustrated the distinct morphological properties of small pyramidal neurons in CA1 and large pyramidals in CA3 and CA2. Cajal distinguished two perforant paths from the entorhinal cortex, “superior” and “inferior”, that target the “dorsal” and “ventral” hippocampus, respectively.
Recent reports based on the Allen Brain Atlas (ABA) revealed that pyramidal neurons in both CA1 and CA3 display clear regional and laminar specificities in C57Bl/6 mice. These robust gene markers have been used to divide the DH and VH into multiple, spatially distinct molecular domains and subdomains. This genomic-anatomic evidence, along with careful re-evaluation of the hippocampal cytoarchitecture and numerous neuronal connectivity and functional studies in the last three decades, provides a testable hippocampal structural-functional model for understanding the heterogeneity of the DH and VH.
Is there a hippocampus on both sides?
The hippocampus, located in the temporal lobe, is a crucial part of the limbic system, responsible for regulating smells, emotions, memories, and autonomic behaviors. Damage to the hippocampus can result from injury, brain trauma, or underlying conditions, impacting memory creation, memory recall, and information processing. Common conditions that can damage the hippocampus include natural aging, which leads to a decline in memory due to decreased brain activity. Therefore, it is essential to address and maintain the hippocampus for optimal functioning.
Do we have 2 hippocampus?
The hippocampus is a deep part of the brain, hidden within the medial part of the temporal lobe. It is connected to two hippocampi, one in each cerebral hemisphere, via the fornix, a C-shaped bundle of nerve fibers. The fornix begins as a bundle of fibers called the alveus, which are the axons of pyramidal cells extending from the hippocampus. As the fibers travel posteriorly, they come together to form the fimbria of the fornix. The main bulk of fimbriae splits off from the hippocampus, forming the crura of the fornix.
The right and left crura come together in the midline to form the body of the fornix. The body of the fornix continues to arch anteriorly until it bifurcates again into the anterior columns of the fornix.
The hippocampus is part of the bigger hippocampal formation, which includes the dentate gyrus, the subiculum, and the entorhinal cortex. The dentate gyrus is an input region that receives information from the entorhinal cortex, where information from all sensory modalities converges to form unique representations and memories. The hippocampus and dentate gyrus have a curved “U” shape, traditionally compared to a sea monster or ram’s horn. The term cornu ammonis is still used to describe the hippocampus fields, which are usually subdivided into four regions (CA1-CA4).
What is the right hippocampus responsible for?
The right hippocampus in humans is more involved in visual and spatial learning and memory, while the left hippocampus is more involved in verbal and narrative memory. This information is based on a study by Elsevier B. V., its licensors, and contributors, which uses cookies and Creative Commons licensing terms for open access content. The study emphasizes the importance of spatial learning in human cognition.
What are the three parts of the hippocampus?
The hippocampus, a part of the brain, extends from the amygdala and tapers as it courses posteriorly. Its surface is divided into three parts: head, body, and tail. The head has grooves resembling a paw, known as the pes hippocampus. The alveus, a thin white matter sheet formed by hippocampal pyramidal cells, is covered by ependymal cells. The fibers of the alveus converge at the medial margin of the hippocampus to form fimbria hippocampi, which in turn gives rise to the fornix. The hippocampus is subdivided into four zones, including the field CA4, which is now part of the dentate gyrus.
Do we have two hippocampus?
The hippocampus is a deep part of the brain, hidden within the medial part of the temporal lobe. It is connected to two hippocampi, one in each cerebral hemisphere, via the fornix, a C-shaped bundle of nerve fibers. The fornix begins as a bundle of fibers called the alveus, which are the axons of pyramidal cells extending from the hippocampus. As the fibers travel posteriorly, they come together to form the fimbria of the fornix. The main bulk of fimbriae splits off from the hippocampus, forming the crura of the fornix.
The right and left crura come together in the midline to form the body of the fornix. The body of the fornix continues to arch anteriorly until it bifurcates again into the anterior columns of the fornix.
The hippocampus is part of the bigger hippocampal formation, which includes the dentate gyrus, the subiculum, and the entorhinal cortex. The dentate gyrus is an input region that receives information from the entorhinal cortex, where information from all sensory modalities converges to form unique representations and memories. The hippocampus and dentate gyrus have a curved “U” shape, traditionally compared to a sea monster or ram’s horn. The term cornu ammonis is still used to describe the hippocampus fields, which are usually subdivided into four regions (CA1-CA4).
What is the memory outside the brain?
Cellular memory (CM) is a hypothesis that suggests memories can be stored outside the brain in all cells. Some people believe that non-brain tissues can have memories, but this is considered impossible. Atypical newfound memories after organ transplants may be more suggestive of immunosuppressant drugs and stress of surgery on perception than legitimate memory transference.
Biologists at Tufts University have been able to train flatworms despite the loss of the brain and head, suggesting memory stored in other parts of the body in some animals. A worm reduced to 1/279th of its original size can be regrown within a few weeks and trained quicker to head towards light and open space for food. Training times may be reduced with each head removed, possibly due to epigenetics showing the appearance of memory.
In the 1950s and 1960s, James McConnell’s flatworm experiments showed that untrained worms learned faster than a control group, suggesting cellular memory. However, the training involved stressing the worms with electric shock, which releases persistent hormones and shows no evidence for memory transfer. Similar experiments with mice showed improved learning, suggesting hormone-enriched tissue rather than memory transfer.
What does the anterior hippocampus do?
It is postulated that the anterior hippocampus is responsible for registering discrepancies between expectations and actual experiences, thereby forming a predictive set about the future based on recent experiences.
📹 You can grow new brain cells. Here’s how | Sandrine Thuret | TED
Can we, as adults, grow new neurons? Neuroscientist Sandrine Thuret says that we can, and she offers research and practical …
Excellent class. I study everything about the brain since my childhood. It’s a passion. Sometimes, I think that in the future, we’ll have a big book containing everything we know about the brain, or how exactly the brain completely works, step by step. We’re very far away from knowing everything about the brain. 🎉❤❤❤
My sin struggles from contamination OCD since last September 1 literally overnight after having the evil vi rus early Aug. His hippocampus right side is smaller. Do you think this is inflammation or permanent or? He always feels like something is poking him. Skin sensation. Nerve endings maybe? I’m just worried about him having permanent damage. He is only 21 😢. This issue is do heartbreaking seeing him in so much distress and he’s exhausted.
How the information from the sensory organs are transformed into a memory is explained well. But, how the mind and the brain (hippocampus) are connected to retrieve a past /long-term memory that mind wants to cherish is not explained. You have said in this article several times “when you think about”. Where is mind? How a thought from the mind gets to the brain and retrieve the stored information it is seeking for? Can you please explain or point to me to that information available elsewhere?
Also, can you please explain how data / information filtering happens while creating a memory and what happens to the filtered out data? Are they lost or they are also stored somewhere in the hippocampus? I am sure it is stored and that is why we are able to retrieve that information when insisted to recollect that information that is not part of the so called “first date memory”. Isn’t it?
Hi, thank you so much for your work! One thing remained unclear to me – what the role of hyppocampus in memory consoldation is. Could you please correct me, if I’m wrong? Each time smn recalls the memory of a date the LTP happens, to put it simple, between neurons in temporal lobe and neurons of hyppocampus, thus strengthening the connection between them. And that is how long term memory is formed. And hyppocampus doesnt’ play role in LTM itself – storage or retrieving – but rather in formation of it. So when the memories are retrived the neural network doesn’t include neurons of hyppocampus, but only neurons of neocortex, does it? Also if sensory information goes from neocortex to hyppocampus – one way, then the connection that strenghtens i is between axons from neocortex and cell bodies of hyppocampal neurons?
This article normalizes animal experimentation you say that you think the hippocampus is cool yet find no fault with having it legioned in an animal or experimented on in a poor rat who was starved to be motivated to find the cheese, then vivosected. There are alternatives out there more precise and more humane then animal subjects
Great article! Thanks for your explanation. I just got a quick question: so in your another article says sensory information (except for olfactory) goes to thalamus first, and then goes to different cortexes, I am wondering which step hippocampus gets involved? Is it A or B? A. sensory info — thalamus (integrate info together) — hippocampus (close to thalamus, integrate info as well? ) — locate memory in different locations; or B. sensory info — thalamus — cortexes — hippocampus (integrate memories from different locations) — transfer new memory to somewhere else? Thanks!
Very interesting! I often wonder about this. I had an accident when I was 7 and lost all long and short term memory. The thing that bothers me is this, apparently when I got home from the hospital I jumped back on a bike and went to a friends house whom I remembered, not that I remember this incident. Did something trigger these memories? Or where they just floating around before fully being erased? I also believe that for quite a few years after my accident I never stored any memory besides traumatic ones and they are vague. It’s really odd to not be able to look back and recall childhood memories, there’s nothing. However, once my brain healed my memory was sharp…it probably had a reset…but so many will never comprehend what it was like growing up and having absolute blankness and to top it off, for quite a few years I wasn’t even storing daily events into my long term memory.
I doubt anyone will believe me but, I watched this article a year ago after coming out of a 5 year relapse. I used to be a very bright kid, however after so many years of drug abuse my brain wasnt working as well as it had beforehand. I watched this article and implemented all of its suggestions. Ive eaten blueberries every morning, slept as much as I can (I always go to bed by 11 at least except on special occasions) Ive run 3-4 times a week for 45 minutes or more, and Ive avoided junk food and stress. My friend who I met in rehab a year ago told me a month ago that I seem so much brighter than the day he met me. My memory is so accurate that i dont have to keep a to do list, its all in my head. I can always remember what I have talked about throughout the day, when before Id forget to finish the conversation I was having. Its astounding and I contribute the healing of my brain to this article. i can now read books when before my attention span was so terrible I couldn’t finish a paragraph. and yes, its also because Ive been clean for over a year 🙂
It’s crazy to me how difficult it has become to do the basics required for mental and physical health. I, like most, embraced decline at 45 and then -after feeling tired and foggy all the time – simply started to do all the things we all know are important. Sleep, hydration, nutrition, exercise and daily meditation. I’m 53 now – am going through an extremely stressful life change (death of my life/biz partner). People I’ve not seen for 10 years don’t recognize me – in a good way – because doing these simple things are absolutely transformative. I weigh what I did at 20, I’m in a good mood most of the time, I have all the energy I need and experience a clear head every day. I can’t imagine how much more difficult grief would be if I’d not embraced the idea we aren’t meant to feel awful all the time.
I believe my grandfather knew about his back when he was alive; he lived from 1906 to 2001. I know he had a very good memory, and was very sharp in how he spoke, and formed words. Everyone who talked to him thought he had a doctorates. All he did was walk a lot, and keep his mind stimulated with books. He memorized an original Websters Dictionary along with the Bible; he could tell you word for word with punctuation what was on both. I can see that this really does work!!! Thank you for the Ted Talk!!!
Makes sense. After I had chemo my brain did not work well anymore and I suffered depression. Even diagnosed with bipolar disorder and couldn’t get by without meds for years. I became vegetarian and started eating a lot of fresh fruits and veggies and yea a lot of dark chocolate. I didn’t run but I did power walk everyday for at least an hour a day and did yoga to help me distress. When I started I had a notebook that I had to write everything in or I would forget. Even conversations I had would be lost. I could remember how to get places I had been going my whole life and could remember my doctors names or the names of people I went to school with when I saw them on the street. It got so bad that one day I lost my notebook while out of town. I sat on the floor and cried because I was so lost and confused. The people I was with helped me call every shop we had been to that day until we found my notebook. It took me years to get myself back to where I didn’t need the book but I now believe it’s because of my diet and excercise habits that I’m able to be ok. I’m always reading now and trying to learn new things. Before people kept saying I needed to see a doctor because something was wrong with me. Now the same people say I know a lot and ask me about different things. I’m in a group online where a lot of women have what they call chemo brain. It’s really bad and for some people the worst of it is lasting 10 and 15 years. For me it was more like 5 years or horror. I don’t want to go back to that.
This is actually the main reason I started running after reading the benefits on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) which is released while running, yes I enjoy the cardiovascular benefits, endorphin release, alleviated stress, fitness etc. But the main reason why I started running was actually to help me study, concentrate and retain information better. Studying computer programming at university is an abstract skill that requires a lot of learning and consolidation of new brain cells, before I started running I could barely last 5 minutes staring at the screen before zoning out and then procrastinating on social media. Running literally allowed me to sustain concentration, learn and solve problems much better, increasing my work productivity a lot!
Fantastic,loved this,…had a mild stroke the past 2 years, still teaching full time, I believe in diet, exercise, learning new subjects, perseverance helps the brain keep healthy. I will be 76 soon and, write, publish, teach,learn new subjects, explore, exercise as much as I can, keep up with good diet as much as I can ..keep positive and so on. Perseverance while keeping a positive outlook with what you have gained from shortfalls .
I had a stroke a year ago and yesterday found out that my brain had completely healed. I have no scar tissue and my brain is normal. Dr said it was a miracle. I think it’s down to having a little red wine, taking fish oil every day, probiotics, eating fish and bananas. Plus avoiding stress. I had a massive boost on my brain health when I started lifting weights again. I still don’t sleep enough though.
Rather than attempting to predict future recessions and risking financial losses, a more effective strategy is to build a well-diversified portfolio that can withstand various market conditions. This approach has allowed some individuals to consistently generate substantial returns, averaging around 150K every quarter as reported by Bloomberg…….
Many people my age have heard their parents say one repetitive statement, “if you stop moving you’ll die” this was response my grandfather used to say when he was asked why don’t you retire? I now have a better understanding of where this old saying came from! It makes excellent sense, if the comparison between being idle and active either promotes or retards the growth of new neurons, this would explain why many of our elders use this old saying on a daily basis. As someone who has now reached the age of a senior, I realize that being idle makes me unhappy, if there’s nothing left to learn then what is there left to live for?
I have had two significant brain traumas. the first was a Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis while pregnant and the second was a stroke 3 years later. I was left side affected and had deficits in every way. I worked with speech, physical, occupational therapists. I am living proof that we can not only rewire our brains after some trauma, we can grow neurons. I am now 49, 15 years post-stroke, and I am learning ukulele, guitar, and piano. I’ve been taking lessons since July and am already playing full songs (reading music). I also walk normally, speak quite well, and can feel my mouth! I am also on the autism spectrum and two children, 21 and 18. I’m amazed. The brain is amazing.
Loved this epiphany. One point of contention. High fat diet, can we say those fats affecting neurogenesis are the toxic fats, not healthy fats like olive oil, coconut oil, grape seed oil, grass fed butters, ghee, etc? I’ve been on keto almost two years, 70% healthy fats, 20% protein, 10% carbs, intermittent fasting. No gluten, no sugar. I’m 75 yrs now, and feeling like never before great. And plan to have more greatness. I wasn’t overweight! I saw keto as an answer to my slow mental, balance decline. For me, it’s prolonging my independence as an older person, 3 mile walks/hikes, yoga, decline in depression. No more SAD diet. And, I avoid unhappy, angry people. Thanks for listening.
Reading the comments, it’s obvious that a lot of people think that when science confirms what we expected, then that science is trivial or useless. The attitude is “we already knew that.” On the contrary, we already suspected that, but we might have been mistaken or only partly right. Now we have solid evidence, and we may better understand how something works or which components or aspects of what we suspected are more important or effective. In this study, for example, the questions that arise include: Which activities, behaviors, and nutrients are more effective and in what proportion?
“According to Elon Musk”, Since I’ve been asked a lot: I will always advise, we buy stock in several companies that make products & services that you believe in. Only sell if you think their products & services are trending worse. Don’t panic when the market does. This will serve you well in the long-term.
this is GREAT NEWS !! i’ve been taking antidepressants for 10 years and i take benzodiazepines when i have panic attacks and i was told by the doctors that long term side effects of medications such as xanax is the “death” of neurons… the fact that new ones are produced in the adult brain makes me feel hopeful and relieved
I used to run 5 miles a day, always before performance. I thought the reason I could think better was a type of sedation. I always felt calmer. I found that it worked for math exams as well. Once, I had a very walk and I couldn’t wait to get to the piano afterward. I knew I would play very well. I was right. If you want to score well on your math exam, run that day.
Intermittent fasting will increase neurogenesis. That looks just fine. I have heard and now experienced that intermittent fasting give time to our body to self heal. Therefore I have started some practice like – Keep 16 hours gap between night and afternoon meal. No breakfast in the morning. I do my morning exercise empty stomach. I have started feeling better now.
A family member who’s a psychologist told me a few years ago that the brain stops creating neurons at a certain point in life. I knew otherwise & told her what I knew. She didn’t believe me, but the next time I saw her she exclaimed how the brain DOES create new neurons throughout life! She couldn’t believe I was right. She’d recently graduated from a major university with a Psych degree. The sad thing was, they taught her outdated info despite the scientific community discovering brain plasticity & neurogenesis approx 10 YEARS prior to her coursework.
I wonder what you could do about the exercise part if you’re disabled. of course it depends on what your disability is. But when I worked for hospice home care, we had a schedule of at least trying to get people up and walking around if they had Alzheimer’s or dementia. Of course by that late of a stage, I always wondered if it was worth the stress to them, or if it helped? Some people I’d take care of would eat healthy diets that included a lot of blueberries, or some couldn’t afford healthy food in their budget. It seemed to me, of course the ones that could afford the healthy foods lived a little longer, but there was a patient of mine that was 94 and he hardly ever spoke. I would play the piano for my clients and their brains would light up with excitement and that’s when they could communicate to me. The brain is an interesting thing…. I’d love to ask this woman if she’s studied the effects of Lions Main mushrooms on cell regeneration or production in the brain.
Thank you For such hope! Personally experienced new neuro pathways by writing anything with my other hand and relearning balance after praying so much for God to show me a way after Violent reactions to all pharmaceutical and homeopathic remedies, am always amazed at our creation! So thankful you guys are seeing this amazing life! Never give up!❤
Depression and anxiety can really destroy the capability of your brain… I used to be a good writer in high school and I’m currently in college and I’m having a hard time constructing and composing essays, concentration, and even socializing!😢 I stopped medication 2 years ago because of financial problem. I pray that I will recover soon🥺👏🏻
I can relate to all peers in the comments, I’ve been cracked up for years becausr of nervousness and anxiety, I literally care about every trivial detail, get fumed at very silly stuff and worry about tomorrow and scrutinize every aspect of mylife, stress of always being beautiful and well mannered, stress of school, live, a well developed life and such, we really need an off time of all this, hopefully from that minute on I’ll change my attitudes and increase my neurons creating process
Running is good for young people. The best is high speed walking to prevent injury to your joints. But doing Elliptical is top notch early in the morning. This is why more seniors are at the gym at 6am in the morning, You need to get that heart rate up. Also yes food and plenty of sleep plays a major role.
I have watched TED talks for a long time and have especially come to enjoy the ones that discuss topics related to a progression in science and technology. Based on the title of this article, I was expecting a revolutionary new pharmacotherapy or medical intervention that would enable the artificial synthesis. of new brain cells. That excitement is frequently coupled with other technological advances, which are often expensive and only available to certain members of society. I was fascinated to see that Sandrine’s research has shown that neurogenesis is available to everyone if they make some lifestyle modifications. I would like to see if the early implementation of lifestyle modifications presented in this article could alter or delay the progression of Alzheimer’s/ disease. It is currently estimated that over 6 million Americans suffer from Alzheimer’s. Imagine the incredible impact this research could have if it could modify or slow the progression of such a debilitating disease. The exciting thing about these lifestyle modifications is that if we can get our healthcare providers on board, implementing this treatment would not require extensive clinical trials or come with difficult adverse drug reactions. It could be implemented immediately, and help many!
This discussion explains a lot to me, having experienced anterograde and retrograde amnesia in my mid-twenties, as my entire personality is far different from when I was younger. Even the methods I use to decipher what’s going on around me, as well as my literal need to continue gaining more information — as an addictive learner.
I reckon it’s entirely possible that those cells you might otherwise think as dead are just in some way stressed and not as active as we might think they are. And in times of increased activity and productivity they might wake up again. Maybe its not as easy to to kill a brain cell as we might think.
Yes thanks for this amazing TEdtalks, from now on we know what to do to add more new neurons… 👍👍👍 Depression is the part where I concern on since I was depressed several times due to anxiety and bad environment, but luckily my life getting better … What a wonderful life is when you find joy at the right time as I was so happy to watch this article…+++ Neurons.. ❤️❤️
1stly, ty 4 da vid. 2ndly, I just have 2 voice my opinion bout somethin, so I think this is a great area 4 R&D, however, Im fairly sure that many humans r actually much smarter than they act & r just not usin their brains much cuz of bad societal situations, lack of a direction in their lives, frustration bout mortality, & stuff like that. All I can say is that societal optimization, logical thinkin, & gud life structure r key. Logical thinkin in a sound & realistic way of course. Gud life structure means not pursuin hollow things that dont lead anywhere, wastin alot of time on dum things, or shortsighted endeavors. 1 gud very important societal failin rite now is our edu sys. Its completely unoptimized 4 da current era. Also, alot of ppl go in2 college majors cuz they think it sounds cool or cuz they think itll be EZ & fun, then our society gets bogged down w hollow or shortsighted jobs. Also, even ppl hu go in2 gud majors tend 2 forget stuff pretty quickly (which is very bad). Digitalization of all edu material would greatly optimize the edu sys & help w all this. Also, AIs & biotech r da next big sectors in case ur wonderin. Unoptimized jobs r also a big deal these days & ppl holdin stuff back in gen 4 illogical reasons. Remote wokin is a great new potential optimization 4 many jobs. However, this may not b done alot of times cuz of cybersec concerns, so then we should increase fundin 2 da FBI NCIJTF.
hat puzzled me is that Sandrine Thuret in this article said that by the time we are about 50 we replaced all our brain cells. She also said that the hypocampus produces about 700 new neuron cells per day. That adds up to about 13 million new born adult brain cells, which is not even 1% of the total amount of brain cells. Did I hear that correct?
I associate ted talks with academic duties (bc of school) and thus stress and guilt (because I’ve poorly in school the last few years) so I always ignore ted talk articles and yet on the rare occasions I bite the bullet and watch one anyways it practically always fascinates me, inspires, and leaves me feeling satisfied that I’ve learned something and enjoyed myself while doing so. I gotta stop getting in my own way
If I grew new brain cells, my head would explode, without an equal number of old ones going away. My brain is fully operational. I have no trouble remembering everything I want to. I have no trouble learning new things. I’m 70, and I still learn something new every day. My cancer treatment didn’t do anything at all to my brain. The monoclonal antibodies caused my body to destroy the cancer cells. The visible cancer was 100% gone after the first treatment. I’ve had five treatments and will soon get a sixth one, as insurance has approved ten treatments so far. I will soon find out the other cancers are gone as well. But there was no effect on my brain, other than I’m even happier about the success of the treatments. Everyone with cancer should investigate immunotherapy. It’s a miracle with some types of cancer.
This explains why I went from bed ridden depression to feeling happy and content just by learning a new craft and beginning intermittent fasting as well as eating better. I also started going out in nature and connecting with it more. Even on rainy days I watched nature articles and articles about early humans who lived very simple, natural, lives. It makes you realize life can be simple and you can be happy and grateful for the simple things.
Absolutely fascinating! Most of the tips for increasing neurogenesis seem like the usual advice we’re given for improving any aspect of our health, but the point about calorie restriction is intriguing to me. I’ve had anorexia for over a decade and (as I think most anorexia sufferers would agree) it has had a tremendously negative effect on my memory and cognitive abilities. Like many sufferers, I had to drop out of education during my worst years because I simply could not focus and, at times, struggled to even hold a conversation. ‘Brain fog’ would be an understatement. There are significant parts of the last decade or so that I can’t even remember (whereas my memories pre-anorexia are still very clear). I’d really like to learn more about how calorie restriction improves neurogenesis because I feel like it’s been incredibly detrimental to my cognitive abilities.
Great article, and I understand we all have completely different circumstances but I find great value in reminding myself that things are easier said than done. Living life on paper is easy but I won’t act as if people are “dumb” or less enlightened for living a lifestyle contrary to what Sandrine said. For example: eat healthy and exercise. Tell a human being they need to eat healthy and they’ll be like “gee thanks, I never thought of that”. And yes, that’s such a broad term and we can disagree as to what is and isn’t healthy. I don’t need to argue why we should avoid dairy and red meat but we ALL know this and still let their lobbyists, their billion dollar industries and advertising campaigns worm their way into our wallets. BUT if you think about it, there’s no MONEY in telling people to simply exercise, eat fruits and vegetables, avoid screens an hour before going to sleep, read more instead of perusal screens, stop pulling out your phone for little dopamine rushes, etc. Again, there’s NO MONEY in telling people to eat fruits and vegetables. So we have all these fad diets, these articles trying to promote specific foods and supplements, fancy workout machines, clickbait-type youtube articles trying to get you there for views and likes so they can generate ad revenue, etc. Governments should put out commercials simply saying “go for a run” and instead we get commercials for fancy little fitbits, running shoes and things like that. Life can be simple but never easy, but it’s as simple as eating a plant-based diet and exercising.
Since my brain and body are linked together, can my brain’s capacity be extended into my body? If current quantum physics is correct, (whereby an observer condenses probabilities down into one reality), then if I perceive that my entire body can be utilized as part of my core brain, does that eventually make it so? If I can extend my brain’s capacity, does that extend my mind also?
Wow! I found this article to be very interesting and informational. To hear what the human brain is capable of is simply remarkable. Although most of the facts she provided about how our lifestyle either promotes or has a negative impact on the growth of new neurons her delivery made it so much more creative and it helped put a new spin on it.
My brother has just recently been diagnosed with FTD. Front temporal dementia. My dad had it as well, diagnosed at 42, my brother at 41… they act like there’s nothing to slow it down…..I know lions mane and psilocybin can help…I can’t watch my be there deteriorate like my dad did. My brothers speech and communication has already gone so far down hill…
I had a stroke 6 years ago and the doctors didn’t understand how I survived it (though I do have some neuropathy but nothing to change my movements). One of things I have done for a very long time, even before the stroke, is in meditation, or throughout the day, I focus a gold light moving through my brain, sometimes I change the color to light blue or white. I truly believe this helps. Blessings.
1:28 You can not only tell by her accent, but also by her arms movement, she is from a Latin country 😃 “he was not taught what we know now, that the adult brain can generate new nerve cells” (and open arms, like saying “there you have it, how wrong”) 😄 Speaking with gestures, never found in American or north-European cultures. I know since I am Latino myself. Judgmental up to the gestures 😂
I had a head injury ice skating. During my recovery it was though I was learning to be myself again as I was reinventing myself. Part of this had to do with the fact that I did not remember what was or was not appropriate behavior for me. There must have been neurogenesis as well as a form of neurological pruning going on at the same time. My brain was rewiring itself, creating new pathways, short-term memory building on top of long term memory. Associative factors linking old memories to new memories. I would have to say the experience was a gift as a whole. There’s a wonderful thing and of course a new fertility in forgetting experiences that were obstacles. What a magnificent opportunity.
I saw a client-friend dive into Alzheimer’s & it’s scary especially when you knew the guy with a fully functional brain. I’ll try anything & everything to avoid that one-way trip. At 75 years old, I’m lucky enough to use my brain every day, be it to ride my motorcycle or, while I walked my dogs, to listen to conferences on astrophysics or mythology or many other topics that interest me. PS: Did you say “Dark Chocolate” will increase neurogenesis? Thanks god, I’m a reasonable addict to 85% dark chocolate 🙂
Active mind has its learning and memory beyond neurogenesis, Loving thoughts brings peace and if peacefulness stay with you for one hour, it brings good chemical to your body, and you feel happy within yourself despite the fact that you have 106-degree fever. According to neuroscientist it will reduce neurogenesis and you are supposed to feel depressed. Inner drive is beyond neurogenesis and out brain. Our brain can only store the memory last for 120 years of one lifetime, Such as an engineer or doctor. But your inner drive will bring memory from the past 5000 years. Modern medicine wants you to eat healthy and exercise, to stay away from disease, look at the stroke more than 30% of the people who suffer stroke now are under the age of 30.
Given that the hippocampus is a more primitive part of the brain governing long term memory, emotion and spatial recognition crucial to survival, it only makes sense that neurons in these area continue to undergo neuro-genesis. What would be interesting is to find out how prevalent neuro-genesis is in the more recently evolved part of the brain, frontal cortex that governs higher cognitive skills like reasoning and analytical skills; ultimately not highly crucial for basic survival. Talking about neuro-genesis without talking about neural ossiliation required for neural plasticity is pointless.
Its taken me over 3 years but Im starting to overcome severe neurological damage from a bad car accident. Ironically the key seemed to be putting my marijuana card to work 24/7 for about 4 months, slowly forgetting the bad network. I learned how to deal with the body wide chaos, freeing me to battle the bad impulses while trying to accomplish simple tasks. I was told I wouldn’t recover, that physical therapy wouldn’t even be helpful. I started weight lifting again just 2 weeks ago and I can’t understand how I’m so strong. Neurogenesis is the key to healing much that ails our society and few understand it. PS same doctors that said I wouldn’t get better also didnt like that pot helped, 1 hospital even billed my insurance for addiction treatment while I was there and told me to discontinue use and replace it with advil/Tylenol. Thanks big pharma you have a doctors worse brain damage than me!
This article is truly inspiring! I admire the scientist so much for the important work they do. I believe the human brain is still a mystery and there is so much to learn. I’m glad to hear about this capability of brain. It’s always food life style, and scientist keep convience people through multi-perspective, which is really successful. However I agree with her about getting enough rest, be in middle with exercise, certain foods help produce neurons in brain. It inspired me to meditate. This made me want to stop sleeping late and eating unhealty food. This article change my thought, gave me hope, increased my brain power, memory focus, health, everything! As a summary: if you want to have a healty life, diet, exercise, etc. You must increase production of neurons and lower depressions. This make a lot of sense to me, listening to this article gives me a ray of light at the end of the tunnel. 🙌💡
Everything I love eating and love doing (happily married forever) are things that regenerate new neurons! And I certainly need new ones since I have lost so many from 1996-2012 due to frequent grand mall epileptic seizures. I LOVE those 95% cacao and 2% sugar dark chocolate, LOVE alcohol free (0.05%) red wine, and I LOVE blueberries! The running part, gosh, not there yet, bit unfit. But the 2 minutes I CAN run feels AMAZING! WOW! I FEEL GOOD🎵🎶 I KNEW THAT I WOULD NOW🎶🎵 SO GOOD🎶🎵 SO GOOD🎶🎵 I’VE GOT THESE GREAT TOOLS! 🎶🎵😂
And just another fact to add to my never ending list of BS taught to me in my public school years. I would say it was amazing that myself & any of my peers have managed to survive this long after wasting the 1st part of our lives learning incorrect things or stuff that would be obsolete by the time we were old enough to need and use the knowledge. However since we CAN apparently continue to grow new brain cells albeit slowly, I guess I have no reason then to be surprised. I suppose “nothing is a sure thing in life except taxes and death, even then, I am sure God negotiates.”.
Great talk, quite interesting, I guess it’s pretty much like everything else in life, you have to find that sweet spot, too much is like not enough 😉 Enjoy while you still can ! I’ve had a rough patch in my life at one point and was very sparsely eating only rice about once or twice a day and drinking water, basically close to a ‘fasting’ mode diet, with eventually earlier sleep and wake up time, drinking a big glass of hot water every freaking morning and although the diet was rough (and mostly doing it out of necessity and available resources), I was feeling quite good, a little short in my available energy pool at some times but was somewhat still managing quite good (I could sleep off my 15min breaks and half-hour lunch time, but I was back at great capacity each time and wasn’t feeling heavy from digestion process of indigestion ones). But of course, I couldn’t or rather didn’t wanted to keep up with the diet when my resources situation changed and was rather bored of such restraints, but I’ve personally had the proof of experience, I just wasn’t a monk enough to keep it up 😛 But I am convinced there is an easy way to live with very little, and with a better exercise routine, one can keep quite healthy with very little, but it’s just to hard to keep up with such a monotone boring diet. Like meditation, it just seems such another level of life that really truly feels out of place in our ‘modern’ way of living, for all kinds of good and bad reasons that we consider we can excuse with.
Sandrine, thanks for the information. Following meditation techniques, Yoga and vedic chanting from India increases neuron production by more than 200 times. This was being done by our ancestors for more than 5000 years. But anyhow, most of our ancient knowledge is lost because of 250 years of british rule calling it as primitive and unscientific and 150 + years of Islamic invasion where in too many attrocities and mass killing of saints, sages and gurus happened. But still a bit of the traditional knowledge exists in India in the Himalyas, Kashi and southern part of India.
I’m in my 30s and decided to go back to school with depression. Any way my Bio teacher said it’s impossible to create new brain cells after a certain age and I didn’t believe her. I also didn’t want to confront her about it, but now thinking back on it was wondering if it was a jab at us older students or she’s just not competent enough to be teaching or her info is outdated 🤔
I used to be intelligent and writing and reading was my whole world. Words just used to flow onto paper for me, I didn’t even had to think about what I was writing. Once I finished I would read it and be amazed every time that I could write something so incredibly well put together. Then after depression hit my memory was pretty much destroyed, I had trouble speaking full sentences and couldn’t think straight no matter how much I tried. Writing was pretty much impossible and it would hurt my head so much I had to lay down. Depression is a monster.
Resveratrol and its benefits has recently become more debatable through newer studies. It should be noted that red wine contains it, but if the grapes were sprayed with anti-mold chemicals then the plant has likely not produced enough resveratrol to be significant. One should pursue organic red wine if that is the source for which they choose to obtain it.. Also, one must consider that although organic red wine provides resveratrol and contributes slightly to heart health, that alcohol is a carcinogen and the benefits to heart health are offset by the slight increase in colon cancers.
Regarding running: my instinct is that vigorous movement in the pursuit of something constructive without an excess of stress is probably the key. This is just the blind guess of an armchair biologist, but it seems that when the body is orienting itself towards something that the individual desires then the brain would have to meet the need.
There was one question that Sandrine posed to the audience/spectators and left it unanswered, which was whether running would lend itself to growing brain cells. The answer to that question is that running does not do that whereas brisk walking does. Running is good for heart and cardiovascular health but will defy making new brain cells. Barsk walking is perhaps the healthiest exercise.
1. Get enough sleep — 8 hours at least. 2. A healthy Diet / No SUGAR / No MSG. Mediterranean Diet Eat colorful foods. Take care oh your — GUT Health 3. 30 mins 7 days a week — (Think of it as “activity”, not “exercise.” ) 4. Avoid stress — Take care of yourself. (Avoid drugs and alcohol as they can add to stress). 5. Learning and doing new things. 6. Listen music — Music affects the brain in profound ways. It eases stress by lowering cortisol. It floods the brain with pleasurable neurotransmitters like dopamine. And it serves as a conduit through which we can process emotions that otherwise might not be describable in words.
So this lecture was such a crap at the level of a primary school teacher. 11 minutes could be condensed into about 2 minutes, not more. An absolute classic — repeating one fact over and over again, like in some teleshopping commercial. After all, the main idea was completely primitive = there are new neurons formed in the brain, that’s all. Thank you very much for this great and revealing lecture!
Well sadly this doesn’t work for me….at all. I’m 54 and I gotta be honest….my memory is HORRIBLE. Even those I live and work with tell me that. And this is despite me doing the following: I run, walk, do resistance training, I eat a handful of fresh blueberries daily, my omega-3 intake is very high, I work with a R.D. who says I eat healthier than she does, I rarely drink, I’ve never smoked or done drugs EVER. I do 18:6 2MAD TRF/IF nearly every day….sometimes OMAD. I follow an Atkins diet (high protein, moderate fat, low-carb. I did lose 45 lbs last year and have kept it off and I look and feel SOOO much healthier so at least there’s that…..but I’m here to tell you that it has not at ALL helped my memory so I really question this article.
Erin Nicole you are the most powerful person by taking your God-given life back which the devil has come to steal. kill and destroy. May God’s plan and purpose unfold in your life as you help others to overcome who are trapped like you were. God bless you. Jesus loves you and I love you too. I’m from Durban, South Africa.
Romans 12:1-2 1 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service. 2 And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God. Luke 17:7-10 7 But which of you, having a servant plowing or feeding cattle, will say unto him by and by, when he is come from the field, Go and sit down to meat? 8 And will not rather say unto him, Make ready wherewith I may sup, and gird thyself, and serve me, till I have eaten and drunken; and afterward thou shalt eat and drink? 9 Doth he thank that servant because he did the things that were commanded him? I trow not. 10 So likewise ye, when ye shall have done all those things which are commanded you, say, We are unprofitable servants: we have done that which was our duty to do.
And more interesting cuz my father suffer COVID chronic associate with possible UTI and memories lost and unconscious and I observe and think and digonse omprazole inf glucose 5% drip and citacoline and decadron and nurobion inj dilute All and good routine Mobil stock spirit speechs and found positive and after 4day and today after three years and one tablet ciproxin WOW awesome results
I’ve had mixed results with transcendental meditation… The good part about it is that it makes me more aware of my body and mind. Physically. Sort of like exercise does. It calms me down. A session lowers my blood pressure. The bad part – which comes when meditating more than a few times a week – is that it makes my memory worse. I get distracted easier. I space out. I feel sort of paranoid. I become intolerant when I’m in situations where there is noise. And missing a meditation session drains my energy.
@JesusisTheSavior7777 Hey there- I just read your comment. It sounds like you went through a difficult period but with running 3-4 days and eating healthier (blueberries in the morning) and sleeping( 11 hours per night) you both were, and are now able to refocus on improving the quality of your life- cool that you did that after perusal this article.
On a certain level, we have a drug store in our brain cells, the neurochemicals that show up in flow: so dopamine, norepinephrine, anandamide, endorphins, and serotonin. If you were to try to cocktail the street drug version of that, right, you’re trying to blend like heroin and speed and coke and acid and weed- and point is, you can’t do it. It turns out the brain cells can cocktail all of ’em at once, which is why people will prefer flow to almost any experience on Earth. It’s our favorite experience. It’s the most addictive experience on Earth. Why? ‘Cause it cocktails five or six of the largest pleasure drugs the brain cells can produce. We’re all capable of so much more than we know. That is a commonality across the board. And one of the big reasons is we’re all hardwired for flow, and flow is a massive amplification of what’s possible for ourselves.
No wonder I eat so many blueberries! And I make quite a lot more than I ever have before, and am studying to go back to my University to get my degree in Physics. Let’s not forget learning the piano, programming, foreign languages and the investment/stock market game. Sleep, exercise and blueberries!
It’s not the running, it’s just movement in general. That’s why chewing harder foods have better results. Just keep moving and thinking as much as possible. Limit your sugars and only eat once a day with maybe a snack every now and then. Those are some of the secrets to a long healthy life. I’ll tell everyone the “Big One” when I hit 150 years old.
Interesting, But I highly suspect the “new knowledge” Sandrine is relying on are based on data analysis like probably over 75% of all studies done today. We should be wary of the drawbacks of studies based on data analysis alone. It’s still a relatively new way of doing studies, mostly developed starting about 14 years ago when computers were becoming powerful enough to crunch the enormous mountains of data which in some cases have been collecting for about a hundred years. Data analysis has been exciting not just because of its newness, it allowed practically everything we think we know about everything to be inspected from a different perspective and boy, were there revelations. Practically everything we thought we knew and had been advised by our US government over our entire lives has been debunked. Unfortunately debunking only is proving what we thought was true is actually false, but it does not tell us what should be recommended. That’s a lot harder. The same applies to the studies Sandrine apparently relies on. I cannot know for sure if this is true but is based entirely on how she describes what she believes is true and the lack of depth supporting her beliefs. This is because data analysis only reveals correlations which are sometimes surprising but does not in any way provide any kind of proof of causation. In other words, studies based on data analysis are subject to a number of potential defects, and at best can only say that in a large population some general observations and trends seem to exist where there may be relationships between A and B and maybe even C.
There must be some other factors as well.. I have a friend who is a sport coach, as addicted to sport as it gets, very funny guy with good mood and good vibe. Yet I realized over time his memory is bad, but I mean, really bad. To compare I never had a good memory (it was problematic at school) and I smoked tons of weed which didn’t improve things at all, yet somehow his memory is way worse than me (he’s also about 10y younger than me). For example multiple times, he completely forgot about a funny picture we botch laughed at a few weeks ago.
There are millions of article online saying to do to improve this and that, If u combine all those millions to only one simple act, that would be : Be positive towards every single things, that includes from – being kind to your self and all parts of your body, and love them Eating healthy, looking positive to everything, love every body and everything Help every one .&…… Wish everyone the best Cut short, do what u think is the best and right, That’s going to be almost impossible but when u start trying it counts from there So than u’ll have a new brain cells, better and healthier life
Man consists not only of cells, but also of spirit. Just like all matter basically came into being from spirit. Problems such as depression, aimlessness, inability have their cause in 90% of the mental area. Even muscles are not just electrochemical tools, they are mental tools as well. How much more the mind. Reducing anger, enmity, and hate also reduces diseases and disabilities.♨
My personal experience of degenerescence n rejuvenescence of neural arsenal is just of my own: I know Rachl for neural boost n reboot towards mind renaissance overwise there are still millions o:Jewish dead n thrown between you n us we never talk about that with Rachl but our souls can t achieve peace What s the use of Frankenstein remake? Bitcoins?you n us have no reliable markets_ only dance flour markets..ov Ni(e)?
I think I’m in love but may not, due to my brain damage, remember who I’m falling for tomorrow. I will tie the little string around my finger but will not remember why. I think I need a “Cheat Sheet” so may carve a note to self on my right hand since I’m left handed. I’ve sent myself a text/shared a link and have hard copy notes. You are an amazing woman and professional and are very easy to follow, meaning I can understand your instruction. I want to thank you for captivating me so I will come back again and again to attempt to install this in my damaged brain. Mine was by herbicide spray to my domestic water supply and by breathing it from a road beside which it had been sprayed. For helping me heal I thank you very much. With all my ❤️
7:35-Hippocampus 🦛 Bro, are you ok ? 😂 Those things help growing new brain cells : – Fasting – Running – Active exercises – Intermittent Fasting – Calorie Restriction – Curcumin – Folic Acid – Flavonoids – Caffeine – Zinc I will personally add these : – Meditation – Painting – Sculpting – Play Instruments – Learn new things
My question is, from a person that is now 22, neglected as a child, locked in rooms and moved around a lot not having the ability form meaningful relationships and understand it, would HGH (very low dosage) increase the brains ability to form these new neurons to get up to standard. Why do I ask this? Well I tried a little self study dealing with a SARM. Specifically, LGD-4033, during this period of 1 month and exactly 15 days (15MG dosage/1 per day), I timed my dietary intake (as usual, I always eat very healthy) but, in a matter of 2 weeks I found socialization a lot easier. Natural almost. Stress went down a lot, I caught myself quite often openly smiling. An increase in size came with it, so that gave me a little confidence as well. After all of this I took a PCT as a precaution to prevent my body from solely relying on another external product for testosterone (or rather, an chemical with the goal of reflecting the purpose of testosterone). Fast forward 3 months I found myself in the same rut. I took this as a good glance into what the future may hold if I continue to research this and improve my life slowly. But now I wonder, with my childhood being extremely poor and neglected, would HGH boost the production for my mental, and help keep it there at a low dosage OR woukd it surely boost for a short time, then collapse after around the same time period as the SARM?
The TED talk by Sandrine Thuret explains that contrary to past beliefs, adults can indeed grow new nerve cells in a part of the brain called the hippocampus. This process, known as neurogenesis, is important for memory, mood, and mental health. Various factors like learning, exercise, diet, and lifestyle choices can influence neurogenesis positively or negatively. Thuret suggests ways to enhance neurogenesis and highlights its potential impact on memory, mood, and overall brain health.
Not sure about this calorie restriction thing. Calorie restriction of 20-30% from what? A balanced diet in which one maintains their weight and energy level? Or is she referencing the statistic that as a society we tend to overeat and should decrease our intake. As someone who struggled with an eating disorder this concept of calorie restriction as good for you despite being at a healthy weight is deeply unsettling. How am I supposed to maintain a healthy weight and be able to run if I’m restricting calories? Sounds unhealthy and unsustainable and I wish she expanded on this more.
Professor or speaker, on article a question asked from texter of messagial inquisitive reply asking..person’s seem to project themselves into person’s using a type of technology as a stimulator realaxational use yet a projectioning onto person’s for a type of control has been observed is a type of removal and ceasing of a transference of a person’s intent with use of a technology connection inaccurately assuming a supposed fictitious job disguised as a supposed techniques for spirit control can be handled with a severance void of payout suggesting a ceasing of a want to be controller actions of a person through forceful projectioning contact, meaning questionatively : isa Hannibal lector action and or lobotomy the only ceasing of actions of an assuming and a getting rifld of supposed mind connectivity devices the only option ?..Investigations suggest medical and criminal hand in hand clwith communication and thinking and detecting is still current needed measureatively…Depopulate
I’d be interested to know what more research with resveritrol might show, seeing as how all of the original research by Sinclair was fraudulent or just plain wrong! In fact, I’d like to know how much of this research has been replicated. Given all the recent scandals in academia lately. Believe me, I want all of this to be true. Science has lost a lot of my trust.